CHILDREN TUNA mentally disabled

CHAPTER IINTRODUCTION
1.1. Background
National education serves to develop skills and enhance the quality of life and human dignity Indonesia in order to achieve national goals. National education aims at educating the nation and developed a complete Indonesian man, the man who is faithful and devoted to God Almighty and noble character have the knowledge and skills, physical and spiritual health, stable and self-reliant personality and sense of civic responsibility and nationality.
Based on the function and purpose of education is that every citizen has the right to education. As stipulated in Law no. 2 of 1989 Article 5 that every citizen has an equal right to education. Thus people who suffer from disabilities or abnormalities also get protection. As stipulated in Article 8, paragraph (1) Law no. 2 of 1989 stated that citizens who have physical and or mental disorders are entitled to an Extraordinary Education (PLB). Yet in reality the percentage of children with disabilities receive educational services numbers very slightly. As well as Article 5, paragraph (2) also states that "Every citizen who has a physical, mental, social, intellectual and social or entitled to special education." In other words there is a reasonable human development or some are normal and impaired development (abnormal ) that will affect the mental and physical. Thus, in issues of education, there is no difference between a normal child physical and spiritual development, with children who have physical disabilities, such as children who have mental weakness or often called Tunagrahita. This is because there is still a drag on our society mindset that ignores the potential of children with disabilities. In general, society views disability (disability) as a barrier (handicap) to do something. It has been a lot of evidence that people with disabilities are able to do something successfully. In essence, a person's disability is not a barrier to doing something.
Children are children who have mental retardation intellectual ability is below average. Children's mental retardation have limited intelligence, particularly the abstract such as learning and numeracy, writing and reading. Ability likely without understanding or learning tend to learn by parroting. Besides having limited intelligence, mental retardation children also have difficulty in taking care of yourself in public. Moreover, it also has limitations in language acquisition. Therefore, based on the Act on any person the right to education.
1.2. Problem Formulation
Based on the background above, so in this case I take the formulation of the problem as follows.
1. How to deal with mentally disabled children tuna?
2. What is being done to improve education or sports coaching for children penjas tuna mentally disabled?
1.3. Purpose or benefit
2. Destination
a. To find a learning development of children with disabilities tuna penjas mentally disabled
b. To determine the level of learning difficulty penjas or tuna sport for mentally disabled
c. To find out how the provision of learning for mentally disabled tuna.
3. Benefit
a. Become an input of knowledge for us who are studying in the department penjaskes.
b. As our input is particularly important for the authors themselves and for the public.
CHAPTER II
THEORY STUDY
2.1. Sports Coaching
Sports coaching or penjas been stipulated in Law No. 3 of the National Sports 1ayat in article 8 are: sports coaching is a person who has an interest and knowledge, leadership, managerial skills and funding dedicated to the promotion and development of sports. From this guidance by a teacher that the child must be completely dedicated solely to the development of the child, not to mention the ALB.
Differences in the handling of normal child development and the FFA are very different in the provision of learning materials as well as exercise. Suppose for tuna mentally disabled children in the provision of sports coaching or teaching penjas need patience and need to be integrated as well as the handling of a performance approach.
2.2. Children with Disabilities Tuna Grahita
Mental retardation commonly known as mentally normal hearing children associated with the level of intelligence. Tunagrahita explain the child's condition means that intelligence is far below average and is characterized by limited intelligence and lack of conversation in social interaction. Children's mental retardation or also known as mental retardation due to limited intelligence lead him difficult to follow the ordinary school education programs in the traditional fashion, therefore mentally retarded children need special education services that is tailored to the abilities of the child. The general level of intelligence of the child mentally tuna Intelligence tests are typically measured by the results called IQ.
CHAPTER III
DISCUSSION
3.1. Characteristics of Education for Children Tuna Grahita

                        Children are children who have mental retardation intellectual ability is below average. Children's mental retardation have limited intelligence, particularly the abstract such as learning and numeracy, writing and reading. Ability likely without understanding or learning tend to learn by parroting. Besides having limited intelligence, mental retardation children also have difficulty in taking care of yourself in public. Moreover, it also has limitations in language acquisition.
Another limitation children have mental retardation are less able to consider anything, less able to respond to and capture the material. So the curriculum is used tunagrahita regular school curriculum (National Curriculum) that dimodofikasi (improvised) in accordance with the stage of development of children with special needs, taking into account the characteristics (traits) and level of intelligence. Curriculum modifications made to the adaptive penjas: time allocation, content / curriculum, teaching and learning processes, facilities, learning environment, and classroom management. With this, it is expected that they will get a new experience that would be developed to complement the child's life provision. Given the condition of the students who have limited intelligence and other limitations as well, and also the importance of education. Thus it is that the importance of education for children with hearing and mentally disabled children, including education in motor sport, And to note is the characteristic (MONE Module: 2007), such as:
a. In learning reading skills, motor skills, other skills are the same as normal children in general.
b. Differences in learning the skills of mentally disabled tuna lies in learning characteristics.
c. Differences in the characteristics of learning in children tuna mentally there in three areas namely;
1. Level of expertise in that skill.
2. Generalization and transfer their newly acquired skills.
3. Attention to the task ..
The characteristic or characteristics of children can be seen in terms of mental retardation,
1.Fisik (Appearance)
Ø Almost same as normal children
Ø Maturity slow motor
Ø Coordination less motion
Ø Children can look severe mental retardation
2.Intelektual
Ø It is difficult to learn academic stuff.
Ø Children mild mental retardation, learning ability equal highest normal children 12 years of age with an IQ between 50-70.
Ø Children's mental retardation was the most high learning ability equal normal children ages 7, 8 year IQ between 30-50
Ø Children severe mental retardation learning abilities equal normal children aged 3-4 years, with an IQ of 30 and below.
3.Sosial and Emotions
Ø Hang out with the younger children.
Ø Love alone
Ø Easily influenced
Ø Less dynamic
Ø Less consideration / self control
Ø Lack of concentration
Ø Easily influenced
Ø Unable to lead themselves and others.
3.2. Penjas Adaptive Learning Approach for Children ALB
Penjas adaptive instrumental in the success of the child through the process of education. Penjas adaptive program has different characteristics of the physical education program is usually tailored to the child's disorder, the program leads to improvement and correction of abnormalities, and the program led to the development and improvement of physical individual student. So that teaching programs for children or pembinaandapat followed ALB (tuna mentally) it is necessary to modify in every aspect of learning. The modification of the learning programs in general are as follows:
a. The curriculum change either total or partial change of the curriculum.
b. Learning strategies can dig anti or adjusted based on a performance and sikon conditions allow.
c. Media (material and equipment) used in the match for tuna mentally disabled children.
d. Classroom setting, here is very important because the need for an appropriate teaching technique tuna mentally disabled child or other children ALB
e. Environment or infrastructure to support the delivery of a coaching penjas.
The teaching approach for mentally disabled children or ALB tuna others are:
a. Classical teaching given to children or mentally disabled ALB tuna that have normal academic level and in the same class, so that activities and materials together in one class.
b. Individualized teaching is the teaching given of individuals from children ALB.
c. Individualized teaching approach in the classroom is but every child will have a performance program in accordance with the level of achievement in learning.
d. Providing inclusive learning methods.
3.3. Learning penjas Sports For Kids Or Tuna Grahita
In the implementation of physical education programs should reflect the characteristics of the physical education program itself, which is "Developentally Appropriate Practice" (DAP). This means that the task of teaching delivered should notice changes in the ability or the child's condition, and may help lead to such changes. Thus the task of teaching shall be in accordance with the level of development and maturity levels of the students he teaches. Development or maturity that encompasses physical, psychological and skills.
With physical education or sports, adapted and modified according to the needs of the type and level of ability albmerupakan disorder one of the factors that determine the success or penjas physical education for children with disabilities, including hearing and mentally. physical education adaftif merukpakan a service delivery system that is comprehensive (comprehensive) and is designed to discover, find solutions to problems for children ALB. The hallmark of adaptive penjas program include:
a. addaptif penjas program tailored to the type and characteristics of the student disorders.
b. Penjas adaptive teaching program should be able to help and correct abnormalities carried by students.
c. Penjas adaptive teaching program should be able to develop and enhance individual physical abilities.
For tuna coaching mentally disabled children in penjas or sport can be seen from the above as well as the presence of a reshuffle in the learning program. Tuna mentally disabled child is usually less rapid than in receiving or responding to what he learned or done.
CHAPTER VI
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
4.1. Conclusion
In dasaarnya tuna mentally disabled children was similar to normal children in terms of their motor going but the child mentally or tuna called mental retardation have a slowness in learning. Penjas adaptive program is helpful for hearing and mentally disabled children with the proper teaching physical education will hit the target. Curriculum modifications made to the adaptive penjas: time allocation, content / curriculum, teaching and learning processes, facilities, learning environment, and classroom management.
4.2. Suggestion
Tuna mentally disabled child is not a scourge that must be isolated in the learning penjas school and friends and even people they should get more attention particularly in view to get a proper education like any other normal child.
So that required a special institution dealing with children tuna barrel. Learners who bears abnormalities as well as obtain a decent education, as mandated by the Constitution of 1945, which in this case briefly and clearly states that "Every citizen shall have the right to get teaching" is defined in Law No. 20 of 2003 Education System which states that "Citizens who have physical, emotional, mental, intellectual, and social or entitled to special education."