TEACHING METHODS IN penjas

Preliminary

The learning process in Indonesia developed into learning that we are familiar with the term "Pakem" which stands for Active, Creative, Effective and Fun or there is a call by the term "Paikem" ie Active, Inofatif, Creative, Effective and Fun. To be able to produce an active learning system, inofatif, creative, effective and fun:Some of the existing teaching methods, among which1. Lecture method. This method in presenting material to students performed orally.Ø Excess functions to save time, cost and equipment.Ø Weakness lecture method is the participation of the students was very low. Therefore, to get optimal results is recommended when using this method should be supported by a good use of media, such as concept maps, LCD-media power point, pictures, OHP, Internet and more. It is also suggested interspersed with other methods such as questioning, giving the task or the other.Ø Methods Demonstration. Demonstration is a method used to membelajarkan learners by sharing and demonstrating the steps workmanship something. The demonstration is a practice that demonstrated to the participants.Ø The advantage of this method participants will gain direct learning experience after seeing, doing, and feeling alone.Ø The weakness of this method that takes a lot of time.2. Method FAQs. This method is used to enable students and to measure student success in absorbing the material.· Motivation of students in understanding the material· Weakness of this method, which is active only certain students are biased answer or bold bertanya.Sedangkan others tend to not pay attention and care.3. Discussion Methods.Discussion methods used to grow the interactions between students and between students and teachers. This method is also used to provide experience to the students to get used to speaking forum, educate students to respect other people's opinions. No discussion method that divides into two discussion groups and class discussions. In principle, both methods were almost the same similarity aims to develop an opinion or an agreement or find the best formula on the issue. After the group discussion is usually followed by a plenary discussion (class) which is a presentation of the results achieved in the group discussion.· The surplus gives students the experience to get accustomed to speaking forum, educate students to respect other people's opinions.· Weakness of this method consumed a lot of time, students are not used to speaking in public would be apathetic.4. Simulation methods. This method displays symbols, or replace the equipment, events or actual objects, students can perform like the truth, but not the process, the actual event or object. In essence this method to move into the real situation or classroom activities due to the difficulties to practice in the actual situation, for example· Excess students can perform like the truth, but not the process, the actual event or object.· Kelemahananya only be applied in certain schools


A. Physical Education Teaching MethodsIn physical education there are some kinds of learning methods used in, among others:1. Style CommandIn this command style penjas teachers should be active for an explanation, delivery of materials supplied by the teacher penjas itself. In the command style of pre-meeting, meeting and post-meeting of all the decisions taken by teachers penjas.Typical Elements of Style Command:• All decisions made by the teacher· Following instructions and carry out tasks· Main activities of students· Produce a high level of activity· Can make students feel engaged and motivated· Develop a disciplined behavior2. Style exercisesIn the style of training students are given time to carry out individual tasks and the teacher gives feedback to all students on an individual basis.Role of Teacher penjas:· Teachers provide opportunities for students to work alone· Provide feedback on an individual basis· Enhance the interaction to the individual· Provide opportunities for students in the adjustment
3. Reciprocal StyleStyle reciprocal provides the opportunity for peers to provide feedback.This role enables:· Increased social interaction among students· Direct Feedback· So in this style between students can correct each other.4. Style Scope or InclusionIn this style the teacher gives tiers / levels of ability tostudents, so that students can choose appropriate movement ability.5. Convergent and Divergent StylesIn the convergent style teacher is giving orders / instructions in performing engineering student movement and did so knowingly. Example: How do I make use of the foot passing outside the football / do. In the divergent styles kreativ students are required because teachers only give instructions / orders and students melakukan.Contoh: Make an exercise using ropes to improve physical fitness.
B. Issues In Teaching Techniques Baseball GamesExisting problems while giving engineering students the pitfalls are:1. Techniques hitting, bat the ball with a stick when perkenaan frequent mistakes, for example not on target or the ball2. Techniques throw the ball, when a pitcher throws the ball often goes wrong in throwing the ball which resulted in the ball bat does not match demand.3. Catch the ball after being hit, the team receiving the ball from the keeper when the batter is sometimes not appropriate or can not capture directly.

 Basic Techniques Baseball GameBefore stepping into the rules of the game must first master the basic techniques of baseball games, some of the techniques in the game of baseball is as follows:1. The ball tossLobbed the ball need to be mastered by the player as one of the basic techniques that determine the game, in order to inflate the ball well the technique include:a. The ball lobbed to the Topsteps are as follows:1. Standing with one foot in front (right foot / left).2. Hold the ball with his right hand, parallel to the chest3. The ball is at the base of the fingers, hand basin and facing the right make up.4. The right hand in front of chest with elbows slightly bent and your left hand in front of his chest.5. Pull your right hand down to the next to the back of the knee.6. Lean slightly forward and bend your knees.7. Swing your hands up to the elbows straight.8. Remove the ball accompanied by a crack of palms upward.
b. The ball lobbed to HomeThe steps are as follows:1. Stand with your left foot in front.2. The right hand holds the ball.3. The right hand was holding the ball straight at the sides of your thighs.4. The position of the ball is located at the base of the fingers and palm of the hand made basin.5. Furthermore, pull your right hand straight backward.6. Bend both knees and body leaning forward (the body does not bend).7. Swing the hand holding the ball towards the front, right foot step forward and straighten your left knee.
c. Throw a ball from above headThrow the ball from the top usually used from a great distance from the hitter or the player who ran, steps thrown the ball to the hitter, among others:1. Standing in a stance ready to throw.2. The position of the ball is located at the base of the fingers, three fingers are on the back of the ball, the thumb and the little finger is next to the ball.3. Pull the hand backward along with the twist aside and left foot step forward.4. Body leaning backward and then swing the hand holding the ball from behind and threw with his right foot come forward.
a. Catch the Balltechniques to catch the ball in a baseball game, the technique used by players penjaga.berbagai catchment techniques include:a. Catch the Ball Stomachsteps are:1. stand with your feet slightly crotch, knees slightly bent eye gaze directed toward the arrival of the ball.2. stick your hand up the front head of the bent slightly forward.3. both hands open like a flower that broke and ready to catch the ball, the view remains kebola.b. Horizontal Ball Catchcaught the following technique.1. stand with your feet slightly crotch, knees slightly bent eye gaze directed toward the arrival of the ball.2. position of both hands, both arms straight forward and right hand or left hand on the top like the shape of the applause.c, Catch the Ball From the Bottomtechnique is as follows:1. both hands ready to receive the ball to squat.2. fingers under the direction parallel to the ball to come3. look straight toward the ball in order to see the ball coming
c. Hitting the BallHitting the ball, this technique is a technique that must be mastered every player because a blow that can determine the success or failure of a game. There are several techniques that must be mastered hitting baseball players, among others:· Hit the ball flat· Modestly or hit the ball along the ground· Hit the ball over the head
d. Running TechniqueRunning, running technique is a technique that can be performed by any player. It would be nice if the technique ran for baseball players deepened again in order not tired when I'm running. There are several running techniques include:· Ran straight· Ran zig-zagC. Sususnan implementation1. Preamble (Introduction) 5 'minutes

    Pray
    Submission goal then and harapam the attitude to be achieved
    Explanation of material to achieve these goals
    Gave the motivation to carry out the exercise with enthusiasm
2. Warming Up (heating) 20 '- 30' minBasically, this section aims to prepare athletes organisms that are physiologically and psychologically ready to accept the burden of training the core part later. Outline can contain the following:

    Mempelancar blood circulation, dilate capillaries / mempelancar turn the air-lung diparu
    Stretching and enhance muscle contraction
    Persendiaan-flexing joints
Some guidelines in Warming Up

    Target Warming from the general to the specific
    Can dilakuakan in the form of static and ballistic stretching, in the form of small game, you should start with light jogging merangasang to further accelerate the work of the heart and lungs.
    The movement starts from the intensity of light / moderate menujua beratataudari kaearah a simple movement into a more complex movements.
    Gymnastics (Calesthenik) should be selected in the warming up properly and thoroughly exercise ranged from 8 -12 range with 16 replications
    Warimg up should not be made and should not be rigid and melelahakn
    Warming up for the game contains elements of a more comprehensive and longer (30-40 ') optimally ready to compete
    Pemansan by using according to the sport, made after pemansaan general.
3. Main part (core) 60 '- 90' minThe core can contain a variety of principles;1. Can 1-3 kinds of goals, objectives kulatisa can be physical, technical, tactical or a combination of all three2. Taknik exercises and techniques or a combination of both these elements or a combination of all three3. Exercise techniques and tactics should be placed at the beginning of core exercises do not exist latihanynyang melelahakan sebelumnya.kalau technical training and techniques have disderhanakan sangant complex.4. Exercise techniques and techniques with high reps and high-intensive new motion may be granted if the technique is mastered bentyuk well / very well.5. If you exercise in the form of elements of the physical conditions should be placed on the speed of awaljuga, where dfisik still in fresh condition (not allowed in fatigue)6. If the speed of the speed combined with power also comes first7. When combined with the power of resistance, the resistance is placed at the end of the core.8. Do not combine resistance training with aerobic speed in one seseion.The core part of training as follows:Basic Techniques Baseball GameBefore stepping into the rules of the game must first master the basic techniques of baseball games, some of the techniques in the game of baseball is as follows:1. The ball tossLobbed the ball need to be mastered by the player as one of the basic techniques that determine the game, in order to inflate the ball well the technique include:


a. The ball lobbed to the Topsteps are as follows:1. Standing with one foot in front (right foot / left).2. Hold the ball with his right hand, parallel to the chest3. The ball is at the base of the fingers, hand basin and facing the right make up.4. The right hand in front of chest with elbows slightly bent and your left hand in front of his chest.5. Pull your right hand down to the next to the back of the knee.6. Lean slightly forward and bend your knees.7. Swing your hands up to the elbows straight.8. Remove the ball accompanied by a crack of palms upward.
b. The ball lobbed to HomeThe steps are as follows:1. Stand with your left foot in front.2. The right hand holds the ball.3. The right hand was holding the ball straight at the sides of your thighs.4. The position of the ball is located at the base of the fingers and palm of the hand made basin.5. Furthermore, pull your right hand straight backward.6. Bend both knees and body leaning forward (the body does not bend).7. Swing the hand holding the ball towards the front, right foot step forward and straighten your left knee.c. Throw a ball from above headThrow the ball from the top usually used from a great distance from the hitter or the player who ran, steps thrown the ball to the hitter, among others:1. Standing in a stance ready to throw.2. The position of the ball is located at the base of the fingers, three fingers are on the back of the ball, the thumb and the little finger is next to the ball.3. Pull the hand backward along with the twist aside and left foot step forward.4. Body leaning backward and then swing the hand holding the ball from behind and threw with his right foot come forward.a. Catch the Balltechniques to catch the ball in a baseball game, the technique used by players penjaga.berbagai catchment techniques include:Ø Catch Ball Stomachsteps are:1. stand with your feet slightly crotch, knees slightly bent eye gaze directed toward the arrival of the ball.2. stick your hand up the front head of the bent slightly forward.3. both hands open like a flower that broke and ready to catch the ball, the view remains kebola.b. Horizontal Ball Catchcaught the following technique.1. stand with your feet slightly crotch, knees slightly bent eye gaze directed toward the arrival of the ball.2. position of both hands, both arms straight forward and right hand or left hand on the top like the shape of the applause.c. Catch the Ball From Bottomtechnique is as follows:1. both hands ready to receive the ball to squat.2. fingers under the direction parallel to the ball to come look straight towards the ball in order to see the ball coming
c. Hitting the BallHitting the ball, this technique is a technique that must be mastered every player because a blow that can determine the success or failure of a game. There are several techniques that must be mastered hitting baseball players, among others:· Hit the ball flat· Modestly or hit the ball along the ground· Hit the ball over the head
d. Running TechniqueRunning, running technique is a technique that can be performed by any player. It would be nice if the technique ran for baseball players deepened again in order not tired when I'm running. There are several running techniques include:· Ran straight· Ran zig-zag4. Final Part (Warming down) 15 'minutesThe final part of the exercise is also called a cooling-core exercise, can contain a variety of principles

    Exercise should not stop abruptly, (as it can cause stress, stress both physically and phiskis) then there penurunana pelu slowly slowly until it returns to normal objec.
    Bermcam end the exercise with a variety of the way; joggingringan, gymnastics sports game bentk small, lightweight strecing mengaur rhythm pernafaasan (inpirasi and expiration in)
    The very end once may contain ewaluasi beupa view of lecture, discussion or implementation-correcting exercises kareksi just done
    Psychologically exercises closed with a pleasant impression in order to maintain and increase motivation to exercise menhgadapi beikutnya
     Reading the closing prayer
Bibliographyhttp / / manesa08penjas blogspot.com, "Techniques Baseball Game"Peter Kline, "The Everyday Genius"